The oil company, which already has extensive operations in Texas, has often been at odds with California’s elected leaders over the state’s climate and energy policies.

Chevron, the second-largest U.S. oil company, is moving its headquarters to Houston, from California, formalizing a long-expected breakup with a state that has pushed aggressively to address climate change.

The company’s ties to California date to the 1870s. Chevron said it already had roughly 7,000 employees in the Houston area and around 2,000 at its current headquarters in San Ramon, Calif., near San Francisco.

The State of California sued Chevron and other large oil companies last year, claiming that they misled the public about the risks of fossil fuels, the extraction of use of which are a leading cause of climate change.

Chevron’s chief executive, Mike Wirth, criticized the lawsuit last year, saying in a Bloomberg Television interview that litigation was not the right approach.

“Climate change is a

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